Athlete's foot is a common fungal infection affecting the feet. Worried that you might have a fungal infection? Read on for five important things to know about this foot condition.
1. WHAT CAUSES ATHLETE'S FOOT?
Several fungal organisms can cause fungal infections, but dermatophytes are among the most common. These microscopic fungi can normally be present alongside other microorganisms. When the skin and toenails are intact, they provide a protective barrier. If the skin or nails are damaged or cracked, fungi can enter. Warm, moist conditions support fungal growth and can contribute to an infection.
An obvious route for fungi is an injury that breaks the skin. But many entry points are much less noticeable. Persistently moist skin can macerate, becoming soft and more vulnerable. This is one reason feet and toenails are particularly susceptible: feet often spend long periods in shoes where sweat creates a warm, damp environment. Excessive dryness can also contribute because very dry skin may develop tiny cracks where fungi can settle.
Fungal infections are more common in older adults because skin and nails can become drier and more brittle with age. People with weakened immune systems or reduced circulation may also be at greater risk.
When fungi affect the skin of the foot and the spaces between the toes, the condition is known as tinea pedis or athlete's foot. When the toenails are affected, it is known as nail fungus or onychomycosis.
2. WHAT DOES ATHLETE'S FOOT LOOK LIKE?
Toenail fungus can begin as a white or yellow spot under the free edge of a toenail. As the infection progresses, the nail may become darker or more yellow, thicker, brittle or uneven. When the spaces between the toes are affected, the skin may appear red, scaly or flaky and may peel, crack, itch or burn. Very rough, dry heel skin can sometimes also be associated with a fungal infection. Odour may occur, and severe cases can involve blisters or sores. Because fungal infections can worsen over time, early assessment and appropriate treatment are important.
3. HOW CAN ATHLETE'S FOOT BE TREATED?
Covering the problem with nail polish does not address the underlying infection. Severe cases can become painful and may cause lasting damage if left untreated. Harsh home remedies such as undiluted iodine or repeated use of acidic solutions can irritate or damage the skin.
Over-the-counter antifungal products are available. Products containing active ingredients such as clotrimazole are commonly used for fungal skin infections. Follow the product instructions and seek medical advice if symptoms are severe, persistent or unclear.
For topical products, follow the directions on the packaging and apply them to clean, dry skin or nails as instructed. Pay particular attention to the spaces between the toes where moisture can remain.
4. IS ATHLETE'S FOOT CONTAGIOUS?
Yes. Fungal infections can spread from one area to another and between people. They often spread from an affected toe to neighbouring toes, and fungal organisms can also be transferred to other parts of the body.
Athlete's foot can be picked up by walking barefoot in areas where infected feet have been, such as public swimming pools or shared showers, or by sharing socks or shoes. Pedicure tools and equipment that are not properly reprocessed can also contribute to transmission between clients.
5. CAN ATHLETE'S FOOT BE PREVENTED?
Healthy, intact skin is an important barrier against fungal infections. Keeping feet clean and dry and caring for very dry skin can help reduce cracks and maintain the skin barrier. Dry feet thoroughly after bathing, especially between the toes, and wear clean socks. In wet public areas such as pools and gym showers, suitable footwear can reduce direct contact with shared surfaces.
Regular foot care can help keep nails clean and appropriately trimmed and can make changes easier to notice. In professional settings, instruments should be reprocessed correctly between clients. For professional instrument handling, our Disinfection & Hygiene collection includes suitable accessories for storage and sterilization.
Discover accessories for disinfection and hygiene or browse professional foot-care instruments.
